International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
2026, Volume-7, Issue 1 : 2586-2592 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18814068
Research Article
Study the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis among patients with bronchial anthracosis and non-anthracosis in rural Haryana: A case-control hospital-based study
 ,
 ,
 ,
 ,
Received
Jan. 21, 2026
Accepted
Feb. 8, 2026
Published
Feb. 23, 2026
Abstract

Anthracosis is caused by deposition of dark pigments in the tracheo-bronchial tree, which is inversely proportional to the amount of soot particle exposure in the prevailing atmosphere. Deposition is caused by iron, lead, cadmium, silica, phenol, hydrocarbon complexes. mainly exhibited the residents of coal miner and industrial areas. Objectives:1. Study the prevalence of Pulmonary tuberculosis by analyzing BAL (Bronchoalveolar lavage) CBNAAT (Cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test) among cases with Bronchial anthracosis. 2. Study the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis among patients with bronchial anthracosis by estimating odd ratios. Material & Method: A case-control study was conducted in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, at BPS GMC (W), Delhi NCR region, where sputum negative suspected patients underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and BAL was sent for CBNAAT for confirmation of tuberculosis. Results: Total of 1168 patients who were suspected of tuberculosis had undergone video bronchoscopy and BAL was taken. The average age of male/female in our study was 46.1 and 46.2 years. 14.5% among 96 anthracotic subjects and 7.3% among non anthracotic subjects were found to have tuberculosis through BAL Cbnaat, Odds ratio was 2.303 being  CI 95% (1.246, 4.25) in our study. Conclusion: Anthracosis is a complication of Tobacco smoking as well as environmental pollution that have a deep impact on host immunity as per previous research and will increase the chance to develop chronic infection like tuberculosis in this part of the world. Present study will be helpful to execute the working guideline to control the triggering factor of pulmonary tuberculosis by taking measures in that direction.

Keywords
Recommended Articles
Original Article Open Access
Arthroscopic Dual-Tunnel Fixation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tibial Avulsion Fractures Using a Luggage-Tag FiberWire Configuration
2026, Volume-7, Issue 2 : 722-727
Original Article Open Access
Impact of Dense Breast Tissue on Mammographic Sensitivity and the Role of Adjunct Ultrasound
2024, Volume-5, Issue-5 : 332-339
Original Article Open Access
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Breast Cancer Screening and Staging at Diagnosis: A Retrospective Study
2024, Volume-5, Issue-4 : 236-241
Research Article Open Access
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Two Different Doses of Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant To 0.5% Levobupivacaine in Ultrasonic Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block
2026, Volume-7, Issue 2 : 706-709
International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Research journal thumbnail
Volume-7, Issue 1
Citations
52 Views
43 Downloads
Share this article
License
Copyright (c) International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All papers should be submitted electronically. All submitted manuscripts must be original work that is not under submission at another journal or under consideration for publication in another form, such as a monograph or chapter of a book. Authors of submitted papers are obligated not to submit their paper for publication elsewhere until an editorial decision is rendered on their submission. Further, authors of accepted papers are prohibited from publishing the results in other publications that appear before the paper is published in the Journal unless they receive approval for doing so from the Editor-In-Chief.
IJMPR open access articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This license lets the audience to give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made and if they remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute contributions under the same license as the original.
Logo
International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
About Us
The International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Research (IJMPR) is an EMBASE (Elsevier)–indexed, open-access journal for high-quality medical, pharmaceutical, and clinical research.
Follow Us
facebook twitter linkedin mendeley research-gate
© Copyright | International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Research | All Rights Reserved