International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
2023, Volume-4, Issue-3 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.7945245
Original Article
Study of ECG Changes in Chronic Liver Disease Patients in Association with Severity of Disease
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Abstract
Introduction: Chronic liver disease is a common cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. In majority of cases of chronic liver disease, cardiovascular complications develop as a subclinical condition which manifests only during stressful situations. Hence this study is conducted for early detection of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy by electrocardiographic changes in all patients of chronic liver disease thereby reducing the morbidity and mortality. Aims & Objectives 1) To study ECG changes in cirrhotic patients. 2) To assess the relation between ECG changes & severity of disease in cirrhotic patients. Materials And Methods: This Cross sectional study includes data collected from 100 chronic liver disease patients admitted at Krishna Rajendra Hospital, Mysore during the period of August 2022 to October 2022.The data was analysed by SPSS software version 2.0,and chi-square tests was applied for qualitative variables. Results: The maximum number of patients were in the age group of 51-60 years and their mean age is 51years.This study had 96% males & 4% females, which shows male preponderance among cirrhotic patients. Among 100 patients, 96% were alcoholic and rest 4% with cirrhosis were due to viral etiology, thereby finding alcohol as one of the major cause for cirrhosis of liver. The mean value of resting heart rate in cirrhotic patients of Child Pugh Class C(92+/-4bpm) was significantly (p<0.05) higher compared to Class A (76+/-3bpm) & Class B (81+/-5bpm) So, there is a positive correlation between increasing heart rate and severity of disease, suggestive of parasympathetic damage. The mean value of R-R interval (in msec) was significantly lower in higher Child Pugh class (Class C–694 +/- 58msec, Class B– 809 +/-88msec, Class A-909 +/- 85msec), thereby correlating with increase in heart rate. QTc prolongation was seen in higher Child Pugh class, the mean value in each class being- Class A-372+/-20msec, Class B–393+/-25msec &Class C-433+/-28msec. So there is a positive correlation (p<0.05) between QTc prolongation and increase in severity of disease.QRS duration and PR interval in study group shows no statistical significance(p>0.05). Conclusion: This study infers that autonomic dysfunction is seen in cirrhotic patients and it increases with increase in severity of disease. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is a clinical entity with serious impact on prognosis of the disease. This study also highlights the importance of simple investigations like ECG in early detection of autonomic dysfunction, thereby reducing mortality rate by providing early intensive care.
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