International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
2023, Volume-4, Issue-2 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.7898848
Original Article
Polyhydramnios-Maternal and Foetal Outcomes in Pregnancy
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Published
April 30, 2023
Abstract
Introduction: Excessive accumulation of liquor amnii causing discomfort to the patient and/or when an imaging help is needed to substantiate the clinical diagnosis of the lie and presentation of the foetus is referred to as polyhydramnios[1]. It develops as a consequence of disturbed equilibrium between production, foetal resorption, and secretion of amniotic fluid[2]. Polyhydramnios is associated with maternal Diabetes Mellitus, increased rate of Caesarean sections due to malpresentations, postpartum haemorrhage, congenital anomalies in new-born, preterm deliveries, increased risk of NICU admissions and still births[3]. Hence our study is prompted to find out maternal and perinatal outcomes in women with polyhydramnios in pregnancy and to improve the maternal and perinatal outcome in polyhydramnios cases. Aims and Objectives: To study the risk factors associated with polyhydramnios affecting polyhydramnios in pregnancies >28wks of gestational age, its clinical presentation, mode of delivery and feto-maternal outcomes in polyhydramnios in a tertiary care centre. Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted for 2 years from November 2020 to October 2022 at tertiary care centre. The data retrieved from the medical records on polyhydramnios included demographic data, complications of pregnancy, and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Appropriate Statistical analysis was performed. Results: 100 cases of polyhydramnios cases were studied. Majority cases were idiopathic (57%) and had mild polyhydramnios (54%) with AFI of 25-27cm. Most significant risk factor was congenital anomalies (19%). Most common maternal complication was preterm delivery (24%). Other maternal complications were premature rupture of membranes (16%), malpresentations (12%), cord prolapse (4%), cord presentation (4%) and post-partum haemorrhage (2%). 58% cases were delivered by Caesarean section. 19% neonates had various congenital anomalies and 4% babies with major congenital anomalies died. 12% babies were still born due to various causes such as major congenital anomalies in 4 cases, birth asphyxia in 4 cases, abruptio placentae in 2 mothers and cord prolapse intrapartum in 2 cases. Neonatal death rate was 35.29. Conclusion: Polyhydramnios has high maternal and neonatal complications, especially congenital anomalies and preterm delivery that increases risk of significant neonatal complications and a higher rate of Caesarean sections.
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