Observational Study on the Prevalence and Outcomes of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Hospital

doi:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13853514

International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Research

2024, Volume-5, Issue-5 doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13853514

Original Research Article

Observational Study on the Prevalence and Outcomes of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Dr.Vani, J. N, Dr.Nandish S. Manoli

DOI : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13853514

Published

Sept. 28, 2024

Abstract

Objective: To assess the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and evaluate the associated maternal and neonatal outcomes in a tertiary care hospital setting.Methods: This observational study included 180 pregnant women, of which 29 (16.1%) were diagnosed with GDM based on the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and maternal and neonatal outcomes were assessed.Results: The prevalence of GDM in the study population was 16.1%. Risk factors significantly associated with GDM included increasing age (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01-1.20, p=0.04), family history of diabetes (OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.03-5.00, p=0.04), higher BMI (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02- 1.23, p=0.02), and previous history of GDM (OR: 3.29, 95% CI: 1.01-10.73, p=0.049). Women with GDM had higher rates of cesarean delivery (51.7% vs. 33.8%), preeclampsia (17.2% vs. 7.3%), preterm delivery (20.7% vs. 11.9%), and neonatal hypoglycemia (17.2% vs. 6.0%, p=0.04) compared to those without GDM.Conclusion: The prevalence of GDM in this study was 16.1%, and several risk factors were identified. Women with GDM had higher rates of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, highlighting the importance of early screening and management of GDM.

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