Background: Dengue fever, a significant public health concern, is known for its systemic and potentially severe complications. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and nature of pulmonary complications in dengue patients.

Methods: In this prospective study, 100 patients with confirmed dengue infection were evaluated for the development of pulmonary complications. Data on demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, radiological results, treatment, and outcomes were collected and analyzed.

Results: Pulmonary complications were observed in 43% of the patients. The most common complication was pleural effusion (20%), followed by pulmonary edema (10%), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (8%), and pneumothorax (5%). The study highlighted a significant association between older age (>40 years) and increased risk of pulmonary complications (OR 2.5, p = 0.005). Patients with pulmonary complications had a longer hospital stay (mean 7 days, SD ± 2) compared to those without (mean 4 days, SD ± 1, p < 0.01) and were more likely to require ICU admission (23.25% vs. 3.51%, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The study demonstrates a high incidence of pulmonary complications in dengue patients, with age being a significant risk factor. These findings underscore the need for vigilant monitoring and early intervention in managing dengue, particularly in older patients