Introduction: The disorders of gastrointestinal tract are responsible for a great deal of morbidity and mortality. Endoscopy in combination with biopsy plays an important role in the exact diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract disorders for further management. Objectives: The aim of the study was to highlight the utility of colonoscopy biopsies in diagnosis of conditions affecting the lower gastrointestinal tract ranging from inflammatory to neoplastic. Material and Method: This was a retrospective observational study done in the histopathology department of this medical college of North India over a 1 year period. This comprises a spectrum of a total of 65 cases of lower gastrointestinal tract lesion in form of colonoscopies biopsies. A detailed demographic and clinical details regarding imaging and other biochemical investigations documented from the departmental records. Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained endoscopic biopsies of adequate size and representative areas were studied retrospectively. Results: Chronic nonspecific colitis was the predominant non-neoplastic lesion seen among 43% cases. Adenocarcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion contributing for 80 % of malignant lesions of lower GIT. Conclusion: The incidence of the non-neoplastic lesion is higher than the neoplastic lesion. The most common non-neoplastic lesion is chronic colitis. GIT endoscopy along with biopsy is an established procedure for investigating a wide range of gastrointestinal conditions.