Background: The significance of amniotic fluid volume as a marker of foetal welfare has become its evaluation a crucial component of antenatal foetal monitoring. Abnormalities including meconium staining, congenital abnormalities, growth retardation, dysmaturity, and fetal hypoxia have been linked to diminished amniotic fluid content.

Objectives: To assess the feto-maternal outcomes in women with oligohydramnios (AFI <5 cm)

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care centre, for a duration of 24 months from 2022 to 2023, in which a total of 51 women who have been diagnosed with AFI <5 cm were included irrespective of their gestational age. Women with twins, anomalous foetuses and severe FGR were excluded from the study. These women were analysed for various parameters such as socio-demographic data, patient profiles, associated co-morbidities and the following results were obtained.

Results: The most commonly prevalent age group was <25 years (72.5%), belonging to the upper middle class (66.7%), and hailing from rural areas. Multi gravida (58.8%) were more compared to primis (41.2%). Term gestations (58.8%) were the largest group, with emergency LSCS (90.2%) being the most common mode of termination. The post-operative/delivery stay was not significantly affected. The most common co-morbidities were hypothyroidism (11.8%), GDM (7.8%), and PIH (5.9%). All those neonates delivered at term gestation had normal birthweight. The admission rate to NICU was 19.6%, with RDS (9.8%) as the most common cause.

Conclusion: The most notable maternal outcome was termination of pregnancy via LSCS, with no associated short- or long-term maternal morbidities observed. In contrast, a considerable proportion of neonates developed RDS, necessitating NICU admission and therapeutic management.