Background: Anaemia is a condition in which oxygen carrying capacity of blood is reduced to meet the various physiological demands. Medical students are at high risk of anaemia due to long duration of study, stress and strain of vast curriculum, inappropriate and inadequate diet. So they are the most vulnerable group for development of nutritional anaemia.

Objective: This study is aimed to evaluate the knowledge and awareness about anaemia and its complications among undergraduate medical students.

Methodology: A cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted for 2 months among undergraduate medical students of all professional years of medical colleges in Vidarbha region. A total of 300 students were included in the study. A questionnaire was designed to assess their awareness and basic knowledge regarding the signs and symptoms, investigations, diagnostic and treatment modalities of anaemia.

Results: Majority of students (99.3%) were aware about what is anaemia and had the basic knowledge regarding it. Vast majority of the participants were aware about the various complications associated with long standing anaemia affecting their cognitive functions, physical capacity, work performance and immunity.

Conclusion: Mild anaemia is highly prevalent among medical students regardless of gender. Presence of anaemia has shown to significantly affect their academic performance, personal as well as professional life. Awareness and knowledge about anaemia is very important in medical students to prevent further complications