International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
2023, Volume-4, Issue-3 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.7976470
Original Article
Clinico-Etiological Profile and Outcome of Severe Acute Malnutrition & Measures to Prevent
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Published
May 27, 2023
Abstract
Background: Malnutrition is India’s silent crisis. Child under nutrition remains one of the major health issues and the leading contributor to under 5 morbidity and mortality in the world. The present study was undertaken to assess the Clinico-etiological profile and the outcome of patients with SAM. Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 46 children aged between 6 to 60 months admitted to paediatric ward with a diagnosis of SAM (as per WHO definition) were included. Variables recorded were anthropometry, clinical presentation, laboratory tests, epidemiological factor, and risk factors. Results: Mean age of admitted children was 18.26±5.44 months with female predominance(60.9%) and mostly partially immunised (84.8%) and belonged to lower socio-economic scale (45.7%).Majority of patients with SAM didn’t follow exclusive breast feeding and complimentary feeding practices. Early introduction of over diluted cow milk seen in most of the patients. Acute respiratory infection was the most common comorbidity found in 27(58.6%) children. Out of 46 children, 34 recovered (73.9%), 11 (23.9%) were defaulter and 1 child was died during the study period. In maximum cases duration of hospital stay was 7 to 15 days (28; 60.8%). Conclusion: Most of the studies highlight clinical manifestations of SAM. Risk factors isolated were not following Breast feeding practices, inappropriate complimentary feeding, incomplete immunisation, and anaemia. Ideal method to prevent patients to land up into SAM will be tackle risk factors. This can be done methodically by increasing maternal awareness. This should be mandatorily practiced by paediatrician at the time of discharge and regular immunisation visits.
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