International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
2024, Volume-5, Issue-1 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.10516999
Original Article
Biofilm Producing Staphyloccusaureus: An Emerging Threat in Bloodstream Infections and Its Challenging Treatment Issues
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Published
Jan. 16, 2024
Abstract

Background: Blood stream infection is a potentially life threatening infection with high mortality, which is predominantly caused by Staphylococcus aureus In the India. Methicillin classified MRSA is rising constantly in comparison of MSSA which makes Blood Stream infection more difficult to treat. On the other side BSI also classified on the basis of their transmission source, inside and outside of the hospital known as hospital acquired and community acquired BSI.  Objective: The aim of our study was to determine, is the sensitivity testing if sufficient for treating BSI caused by S. aureus by understanding the difference between community associated and healthcare associated S. aureus infection in terms of methicillin resistance, biofilm producing ability and antimicrobial resistance pattern. As previous study says hospital acquired BSI is more resistant and having more ability to form biofilm on implants which makes them more difficult to handle. As there is a lack of next level treatment possibilities we need to find out all relative information to fill the gap between testing and treatment. Methods: This is a prospective study carried out on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the Blood culture through outpatient and inpatient departments during period “between” January 2017 to December 2017. A total of 58 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were recovered from blood culture. All strains classified as MRSA and MSSA based on cefoxitin resistance. ViteK and Micro broth dilution method were used for antimicrobial resistance pattern and biofilm production respectively. Results: Out of 58 non-duplicate Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 21(36.20%) were community associated and 37(63.79%) were hospital associated, out of which 10(47.62%) and 22(59.46%) were Methicillin resistant and 11(52.38%) and 15(40.54%) isolates were Methicillin sensitive respectively. The biofilm producing ability was recorded as high biofilm producer, low biofilm producer and non-biofilm producer. On the basis of particular classification both community acquired and hospital acquired based MRSA (10, 22) was fund 4(40%), 13(59.09%) High biofilm producers, 1(10%), 4(18.18%) low biofilm producers and 5(50%), 5(22.73%) non biofilm producers. On a same hand Out of all 11 and 15 MSSA isolates of community acquired infection and hospital acquired infection were found as 2(18.18%), 4(26.67%) high biofilm producer, 2(18.18%), 4(26.67%) low biofilm producers and 5(50%), 7(46.67%) non biofilm producers. The antimicrobial resistance pattern difference been reported between hospital acquired and community acquired infection. The impact of biofilm producing ability been found on resistance pattern of all isolates. Conclusion: In our study most isolates were hospital associated. The presence of high resistance in IPD isolated MRSA isolates represent the impact of some other factors in hospital on antimicrobial resistance pattern, and  after understanding the impact of biofilm production on resistance pattern helping somehow to fill the gap in between testing and treatment.

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