Background: Infection control in dentistry is a critical aspect of clinical practice due to the continuous emergence of transmissible infectious agents. Cross-infection remains a significant concern, particularly through aerosols, bloodborne pathogens, and contaminated dental unit waterlines (DUWLs). Compliance with infection control protocols is essential to minimize occupational risks. This study assesses the awareness and adherence to cross-infection control measures among dentists in their workplace in Bhopal City. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 312 dentists practicing in solo, group, and hospital-based settings in Bhopal City. A structured, pre-validated questionnaire was distributed online, covering aspects such as demographic characteristics, awareness of cross-infection control, preferred preventive measures, sterilization practices, and concerns regarding infection risks. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 29, with statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Out of 312 participants, 175 (56.1%) were female and 137 (43.9%) were male. The majority (51.6%) were clinical specialists, while 48.4% were general practitioners. Among the respondents, 51.0% practiced solo, 14.1% worked in group clinics, and 34.9% were in hospital-based settings. The study found no significant difference in infection control awareness across gender, professional status, or practice type. A high proportion of dentists (88.8%) consistently followed universal precautions, while 93.3% reported strict adherence to avoiding exposure to sharp devices. Notably, 92.3% of respondents expressed concern about cross-infection risks, and 85.9% recognized the role of high aerosol suction in minimizing contamination. However, 31.4% lacked awareness of cross-infection protocols, and 11.2% had not been vaccinated against hepatitis B. Conclusion: The study indicates a high level of awareness and compliance with infection control measures among dentists in Bhopal. However, gaps exist in practices like high-volume suction use, handpiece sterilization, and waste disposal. Regular training and audits are crucial for improved adherence.