Objective: To assess the risk factors associated with port site complications in laparoscopic abdominal surgeries.

Methods: This prospective study included 100 patients who underwent abdominal surgeries. Patient demographics, risk factors, closure technique, body mass index were studied and association between risk factors and port site complications were studied.

Results: The mean age of participants was 21-40 years, with male predominance. 64% had history of previous abdominal surgeries. Among the risk factors, hypertension (34%), smoking (22%), obesity (21%), immunosuppression (7%), steroid use (11%), malnutrition (19%) was assessed. Standard closure technique was seen in majority (61%). Though our study did not find statistically significant association between risk factors and occurrence of complications. The association between closure technique and complications approached statistical significance (p=0.06), with a lower proportion of patients in extended fascial closure in the complication group (20.9%), compared to no complication group (38.6%). There was trend towards higher proportion of overweight patients (BMI 25-29.9) in complication group (32.6%), compared to no complication group (17.5%). This was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery has revolutionized modern surgical practice with its numerous advantages, but port-site complications remain a significant concern. Technical aspects like closure technique play a crucial role in minimizing complications. This study did not show significant association between risk factors and complications. There was a trend towards fewer complications with extended fascial closure compared to standard closure.