Predominance of Trichophyton Mentagrophytes from Superficial Mycoses Cases in Rural Population in North India: A Hospital Based Study

Aim: A study was planned to know the prevalence of fungal isolates from superficial mycoses cases from rural population attending a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow. Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. Laboratory data of 75 clinically suspected cases of superficial mycoses attending Rural Health Training Centre of the institute were enrolled in the study. Results: Out of total 75 cases, majority 54 (72%) were male and 21 (28%) were female, most common age group affected was 31-40 years (28%), followed by 21-30 (21.3%), males were predominant (72%) and most common clinical presentation was tinea corporis in 38.7% cases, followed by T. cruris (22.8%), T. pedis (18.6%), T.capitis and T. barbae (4% each). On KOH examination, 52 (69.4%) samples were positive, while 23 (30.6%) cases were negative, 59 (78.6%) samples turned out to be culture positive. Most common etiological agent was T. mentagrophytes in 16 (27.1%) cases, followed by T. rubrum in 10 (16.9%), T. tonsurans and M. audouinii in 5(8.5%) cases each, T. interdigitale and T. schoenleinii in 2(3.8%) cases each. Eleven samples showed growth of contaminants while Candida spp.in 2(3.8%) and  Malassezia spp. in 3(5.8%) and non dermatophyte was isolated from only 1(1.9%) case. Conclusion: In the current era of urbanization and globalization frequency of dermatophytes is changing from one region to other. Therefore, in a vast country like India, it is prudent for medical mycologists to remain update to diagnose uncommon species of dermatophytes for proper management of superficial mycoses cases