Estimation of Serum Fibrinogen Level in Type 2 Diabetics and Its Association with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (Mace)
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia. CVD remains the principal comorbid condition and primary contributor to mortality in patient with diabetes, usually in the form of coronary artery disease. Genetic studies have shown association of β fibrinogen gene polymorphism with increased levels of serum fibrinogen and increased risk of MI in patients with CAD. Fibrinogen levels are frequently elevated in diabetes, regardless of diabetes duration, but particularly in those with type 2 diabetes and preexisting vascular complications. Fibrinogen being an acute phase reactant is also a procoagulant. It plays a major role in coagulation of blood. It has a significant role in athero-thrombosis. Objectives: To estimate serum fibrinogen level in type 2 diabetic patients and to associate the Fibrinogen level with major adverse cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetics. Methods: A Hospital based Cross sectional study included 70 study participants conducted between February 2021 to August 2022 in hospitals attached to BMCRI. Patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus according to ADA guideline. Results: Mean TCH in subjects with arrythmias was 205.00+42.117, it was 204.00+36.333 in CCF, 205.57+33.297 in MI and 210.27+34.661 in recurrent angina. Mean HDL was 40.50+7.944 in arrythmias, 39.25+6.754 in CCF, 39.81+6.623 in MI, 38.55.09+8.722 in recurrent angina. Mean LDL was 117.83+43.273 in arrythmias, 128.88+36.515 in CCF, 126.76+38.188 in MI and 136.00+41.027 in recurrent angina. Mean TG was 236.67+77.871 in arrythmias, 179.28+63.849 in CCF, 194.57+71.152 in MI and 178.55+55.012 in recurrent angina. The duration of diabetes was found to be positively correlating with the serum fibrinogen levels. Conclusion: The study concludes that hyperfibrinogenemia among type 2 diabetic patients can be used as a predictor of major adverse cardiac events. Further case control studies with larger sample size is required to warrant the same